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| {{Redirect|Stansted}}
| | [[Category:Airport]] |
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| | [[Category:U.K]] |
| {{EngvarB|date=July 2015}}
| | [[Category:London]] |
| {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
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| {{Infobox airport
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| | name = London Stansted Airport
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| | nativename =
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| | image = Stansted Airport logo.png
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| | image-width = 200
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| | image2 = London Stansted Airport.JPG
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| | image2-width = 250
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| | IATA = STN
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| | ICAO = EGSS
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| | type = Public
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| | owner = [[Manchester Airports Group]]
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| | operator = Stansted Airport Limited
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| | city-served = [[London]], [[United Kingdom]]
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| | location = [[Stansted Mountfitchet]], Essex
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| | hub = [[Ryanair]]
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| | elevation-f = 348
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| | coordinates = {{coord|51|53|06|N|000|14|06|E|type:airport_region:GB-ESS|display=inline,title}}
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| | pushpin_map = Essex
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| | pushpin_label = EGSS
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| | pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[Essex]]
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| | website = [http://www.stanstedairport.com stanstedairport.com]
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| | metric-rwy = yes
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| | r1-number = 04/22
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| | r1-length-m = 3,049
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| | r1-surface = [[Asphalt|Grooved Asphalt]]
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| | stat-year = 2015
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| | stat1-header = Passengers
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| | stat1-data = 22,519,178
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| | stat2-header = Passenger change 14–15
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| | stat2-data = {{increase}}12.8%
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| | stat3-header = Aircraft movements
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| | stat3-data = 168,629
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| | stat4-header = {{nowrap|Movements change 14–15}}
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| | stat4-data = {{increase}}7.3%
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| | footnotes = Sources: UK [[Aeronautical Information Publication|AIP]] at [[National Air Traffic Services|NATS]]<ref name="aip">{{cite web|url=http://www.nats-uk.ead-it.com/public/index.php%3Foption=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=96&Itemid=145.html |title=London Stansted – EGSS |publisher=Nats-uk.ead-it.com |accessdate=6 September 2013}}</ref><br/>Statistics from the [[Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)|UK Civil Aviation Authority]]<ref name="stats">{{cite web |url=http://www.caa.co.uk/Data-and-analysis/UK-aviation-market/Airports/Datasets/ |title=Aircraft and passenger traffic data from UK airports |publisher=[[Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)|UK Civil Aviation Authority]] |date=25 March 2016 |accessdate=4 April 2016}}</ref>
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| }}
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| '''London Stansted Airport''' {{Airport codes|STN|EGSS}} is an [[international airport]] located at [[Stansted Mountfitchet]] in the [[Districts of England|local government district]] of [[Uttlesford]] in [[Essex]], {{convert|30|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Central London]] and {{convert|0.9|mi|abbr=on}} from the [[Hertfordshire]] border.
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| London Stansted currently serves over 170 destinations across Europe, North Africa, Central and North America and more scheduled European destinations than any other airport in the UK.<ref>Based on IATA schedules for August 2016</ref> Stansted is a base for a number of major European low-cost carriers, being the largest base for low-cost airline [[Ryanair]], with over 130 destinations served by the airline. In 2015 it was the [[Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic|fourth busiest airport]] in the United Kingdom after [[London Heathrow Airport|Heathrow]], [[Gatwick Airport|Gatwick]] and [[Manchester Airport|Manchester]]. Stansted's runway is also used by private companies such as the [[Harrods Aviation]] terminal which is opposite the main terminal building and handles private jets and some state visits.
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| The airport is owned and operated by the [[Manchester Airports Group]] (MAG), which also owns and operates three other UK airports. MAG agreed to buy the airport from [[Heathrow Airport Holdings]], formerly BAA, on 18 January 2013,<ref>{{cite news |title=Stansted Airport being sold to Manchester for £1.5bn |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-21093783 |publisher=BBC News |date=19 January 2013 |accessdate=28 February 2013}}</ref> and the sale was completed for £1.5 billion on 28 February 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=£1.5 billion Stansted Airport sale complete |author=Sinead Holland |url=http://www.harlowstar.co.uk/News/Harlow-news/15-billion-Stansted-Airport-sale-complete-20130228174702.htm |newspaper=Harlow Star |date=28 February 2013 |accessdate=28 February 2013}}</ref> BAA had been required to sell the airport following a ruling originally made by the [[Competition Commission (United Kingdom)|Competition Commission]] in March 2009.
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| ==Overview==
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| London Stansted Airport has one main passenger terminal, near the village of [[Stansted Mountfitchet]]. There are three passenger satellites in which the departure gates are situated; one is connected to the main terminal by an air-bridge and the other two by the [[Stansted Airport Transit System]] people mover.
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| The terminal building was designed by [[Foster and Partners|Foster Associates]] with input from the structural engineer [[Peter Rice]], and features a "floating" roof, supported by a [[space frame]] of inverted-pyramid roof trusses, creating the impression of a stylised swan in flight. The base of each truss structure is a "utility pillar", which provides indirect uplighting illumination and is the location for air-conditioning, water, telecommunications and electrical outlets. The layout of the airport was designed to provide an unobstructed flow for passengers to arrive at the short-stay car park, move through the check-in hall, go through security and on to the departure gates all on the same level.
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| From 1997 to 2007, Stansted saw rapid expansion of passenger numbers on the back of the boom in low cost air travel, peaking at 24 million passengers in the 12 months to October 2007, but passenger numbers declined in the next five years to 2012. Passenger totals have since risen, and in 2014 recorded an annual increase of 11.7% to 19.9 million.<ref name="stats"/>
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| ==History==
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| ===Second World War===
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| {{Main article|RAF Stansted Mountfitchet}}
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| [[File:Before Stansted Airport aa.jpg|thumb|300px|Where Stansted Airport is now, as about 1935]]
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| [[File:B-26-stanst.jpg|thumb|Unidentified [[B-26 Marauder]] of the 344th Bomb Group at Stansted, 1944.]]
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| The airfield opened in 1943 and was used during the Second World War as [[RAF Stansted Mountfitchet]] by the [[Royal Air Force]] and the [[United States Army Air Forces]] as a bomber airfield and as a major maintenance depot. Although the official name was Stansted Mountfitchet, the base was known as simply Stansted in both written and spoken form.
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| The station was first allocated to the [[USAAF]] [[Eighth Air Force]] in August 1942 as a heavy bomber airfield. As well as an operational bomber base, Stansted was also a [[Air Materiel Command#Air Technical Services Command|Air Technical Services Command]] (ATSC) maintenance and supply depot concerned with major overhauls and modification of B-26s. After D-Day, these activities were transferred to France, but the base was still used as a supply storage area for the support of aircraft on the continent.
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| ===Post-war use===
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| After the withdrawal of the Americans on 12 August 1945, Stansted was taken over by the [[Air Ministry]] and used by No. 263 Maintenance Unit, RAF for storage purposes. In addition, between March 1946 and August 1947, Stansted was used for housing German prisoners of war.<ref name="AIllfeb78 p70">Wright ''Aircraft Illustrated'' February 1978, p. 70.</ref>
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| [[File:Avro 685 York XF919.G-AMUS Air Charter STA 10.4.55 edited-2.jpg|thumb|[[Avro York]] of the based [[Air Charter Limited|Air Charter Ltd]] taking off on a trooping flight in 1955 with wartime hangars in the background]]
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| In November 1946, the recently established British cargo airline, London Aero and Motor Services (LAMS), equipped with ex-RAF [[Handley Page Halifax]]es, moved into Stansted, using it as a base for its operations, until it was wound up in July 1948.<ref name="AIllfeb78 p70-1">Wright ''Aircraft Illustrated'' February 1978, pp. 70–71.</ref>
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| The Ministry of Civil Aviation finally took control of Stansted in 1949 and the airport was then used as a base by several UK charter airlines. The US military returned in 1954 to extend the runway for a possible transfer to [[NATO]]. The transfer to NATO was never realised, however, and the airport continued in civil use, ending up under [[BAA Limited|BAA]] control in 1966.
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| During the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s the Fire Service Training School (FSTS) was based on the eastern side of the airfield under the auspices of the Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation, now the Civil Aviation Authority. The school was responsible for the training of all aviation fire crews for British airfields as well as those of many overseas countries.
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| ===Commercial operations===
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| Beginning in 1966, after Stansted was placed under BAA control, the airport was used by holiday charter operators wishing to escape the higher costs associated with operating from Heathrow and Gatwick.
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| In 1968–71 the Commission for the Third London Airport (the "[[Roskill Commission]]") did not include Stansted as one of its four short-listed sites and recommended that [[Cublington]] in Buckinghamshire should be developed as London's third airport.<ref>Roskill (1971). ''Report, Commission on the Third London Airport''. London: HMSO.</ref>
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| From the outset, however, BAA and the British government planned to develop Stansted into London's third airport,{{citation needed|date=January 2016}} to relieve Heathrow and Gatwick of excess congestion in the future. The airport's first terminal building opened in 1969 and was expanded the next year to handle the growing number of passengers.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}
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| Since 1984 the airport's capacity had been limited to a maximum throughput of 25 million passengers per annum (25 mppa) in accordance with recommendations made by the 1984 public inquiry and confirmed by the government of the day. {{citation needed|date=May 2015}}
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| In 1984, the government approved a plan to develop Stansted in two phases, involving both airfield and terminal improvements that would increase the airport's capacity to 15 million passengers per year. The current terminal building was designed by architect [[Norman Foster, Baron Foster of Thames Bank|Norman Foster]]. Construction was undertaken by [[John Laing Group|John Laing]] and took place between 1988 and March 1991,<ref>Ritchie, p. 173</ref> costing £100 million.<ref>''Above Us The Skies: The Story Of BAA'' – 1991 (Michael Donne – BAA plc), p. 62-63</ref> In 1990 it was awarded the [[European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture|European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture / Mies van der Rohe Award]].
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| Long-haul scheduled services commenced in the early 1990s when [[American Airlines]] operated a transatlantic service between Stansted and [[O'Hare International Airport|Chicago]], however the route was unprofitable and was withdrawn in 1993.<ref>{{Cite news | title = American Airlines to quit Stansted: Long haul carrier scraps Chicago service |work=The Independent |location=UK | date = 1 April 1993 | url = http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/american-airlines-to-quit-stansted-long-haul-carrier-scraps-chicago-service-1452654.html | first=Michael | last=Harrison | accessdate=11 May 2010}}</ref> [[Continental Airlines]] also operated services in the late 1990s from [[Newark Liberty International Airport|Newark]], but this service was stopped shortly after the [[11 September 2001 attacks]].
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| Long-haul services to the USA returned in late 2005, when [[Eos Airlines]] and [[MAXjet Airways]] commenced all-business-class services from Stansted to [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|New York-JFK Airport]]. In 2006, MAXjet expanded their service with flights to [[Washington Dulles International Airport|Washington, D.C.]], [[McCarran International Airport|Las Vegas]] and [[Los Angeles International Airport|Los Angeles]]. American Airlines began daily flights to Stansted in October 2007 from New York-JFK and was originally expected to operate a second daily flight from April 2008. However, all three services to the USA have since been discontinued following the demise of MAXjet Airways in December 2007 and Eos Airlines in April 2008. Finally, in July 2008 American Airlines withdrew from the airport.
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| ===Latest developments===
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| [[File:London Stansted Airport main entrance.jpg|thumb|The Terminal building at night]]
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| Long haul transatlantic operations made a return to Stansted in June 2010, when [[Sun Country Airlines]] announced a seasonal weekly service from Stansted to [[Minneapolis]]. The flights made a re-fuelling stop-over in [[Gander International Airport|Gander]], Newfoundland and Labrador as the aircraft used for the flight, a Boeing 737-800, would not be able to complete a non-stop westbound flight from Stansted to Minneapolis. The flights operated from 11 June to 15 August 2010. In 2011, Sun Country operated to Gatwick rather than Stansted and were then discontinued due to the price involved in carrying fuel on long haul flights.
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| Stansted also had scheduled and charter flights to [[Toronto]], Montreal and [[Vancouver]], but these flights to Canada have now ceased. Long-haul services to Asia commenced in March 2009 with Malaysian low-cost airline [[AirAsia X]] providing direct flights to [[Kuala Lumpur]]; however, since 24 October 2011, these flights have operated from Gatwick Airport instead.
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| [[File:London Stansted Airport - Baggage reclaim.jpg|thumb|The Arrivals hall in the Terminal building, which was extended in 2008.]]
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| A major expansion programme to the existing terminal took place between 2007 and 2009, adding nearly {{convert|5900|m2|abbr=on}} of floorspace to give space for additional baggage carousels, a new immigration and passport control hall and a [[hypostyle]] arrivals hall with improved facilities.
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| In November 2006, [[Uttlesford]] District Council rejected a [[BAA Limited|BAA]] planning application to increase the permitted number of aircraft movements and to remove the limit on passenger numbers. BAA immediately appealed against the decision and a public inquiry opened lasting from May until October 2007. Planning Inspector Alan Boyland made his recommendations in January 2008. Those recommendations were largely followed by the Secretary of State for Transport ([[Geoff Hoon]]) and the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government (Hazel Blears), who jointly allowed the applicant's appeal in October 2008. A series of legal challenges by community campaign group Stop Stansted Expansion (SSE) were rejected by the High Court during 2009.
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| In 2008, 57 people were arrested after [[Plane Stupid]], the environmental activist group, broke through the barriers and created a 'stockade' on a taxiway which resulted in 52 flights being cancelled.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/essex/7771079.stm|title=Runway protest strands passengers|publisher=BBC News| date=8 December 2008 | accessdate=11 May 2010}}</ref>
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| The Competition Commission ruled in March 2009 that BAA should sell Gatwick and Stansted Airports within two years.<ref>{{cite news |title=BAA could challenge airport sale |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7951377.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=19 March 2009 |accessdate=28 February 2013}}</ref> The ruling was quashed within a year following an appeal but was subsequently upheld.<ref>{{cite news |title=BAA sell-off back on track after court ruling |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-11531559 |publisher=BBC News |date=13 October 2010 |accessdate=28 February 2013}}</ref> The Competition Commission reconfirmed its ruling in July 2011 that the airport be sold,<ref>{{cite news|title=BAA loses final Competition Commission sell-off ruling|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14196639|accessdate=19 July 2011|publisher=BBC News|date=19 July 2011}}</ref> and the [[Court of Appeal of England and Wales|Court of Appeal]] turned down an appeal by BAA on 26 July 2012.<ref>{{cite news |title=BAA loses latest appeal against Stansted sale |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19001159 |publisher=BBC News |date=26 July 2012 |accessdate=28 February 2013}}</ref> In light of the result, BAA chose not to appeal to the [[Supreme Court of the United Kingdom]] and confirmed on 20 August 2012 that the airport would be sold.<ref>{{cite news |title=Stansted Airport to be sold by BAA |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19318094 |publisher=BBC News |date=20 August 2012 |accessdate=28 February 2013}}</ref>
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| ==Infrastructure==
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| [[File:London Stansted Airport Terminal.jpg|thumb|Inside the Terminal building]]
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| ===Terminal and Satellite buildings===
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| Stansted is the newest passenger airport of all the main London airports. The terminal is an oblong glass building, and is separated into three areas: Check-in and main concourse along the front, Departures towards the back left and Arrivals on the back right upon entry. There are no gates in the main Terminal building; instead there are three separate oblong satellite buildings in which the gates are located. A fourth satellite building was planned, in addition to an extension to the main terminal building, but never completed.
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| An additional building, known as the Advanced Passenger Vehicle (APV), was brought back into use in 2016 for flights departing during the busy 06:00 to 08:00 period.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stacc.info/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/160617-STACC-Airport-Management-Report-June-2016.pdf |title=Airport Management Report|accessdate=10 September 2016}}</ref> The APV building is linked to the main terminal building by an accessible route and acts as a bus terminal for international flights at remote stands. Prior to the completion of Satellite 3, this terminal (then numbered gates 90-95) was in regular passenger use.
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! Satellite Building !! Gate Numbers !! Passenger Access !! Notes
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| | Satellite 1 || 1-19 || [[Stansted Airport Transit System|Transit system]] || Used by all airlines except Ryanair. Furthest in distance from main terminal but first stop on transit when departing main terminal
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| | rowspan="2" | Satellite 2
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| | 20-39 || Transit system || Used exclusively by Ryanair. Closest in distance from main terminal but second stop on transit when departing main terminal
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| | 81-88 || Walkway from main terminal building || Domestic arrivals mixed with domestic and international departures; special exit route for domestic arrivals
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| | Satellite 3 || 40-58 || Walkway from main terminal building || Used exclusively by Ryanair; this building is not equipped with [[jet bridge]]s
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| |APV
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| |90-93
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| |Walkway from main terminal building
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| |Used only by Ryanair; acts as a terminal for buses to remote stands.
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| |}
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| Domestic arrivals use a separate exit route, located at the far left, when facing the main entrance. This exit is connected solely by footbridge to Satellite 2. When a domestic flight arrives at a gate which is not located in Satellite 2, passengers are transported to a gate on Satellite 2 by a courtesy bus service from the aircraft.
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| The terminal facilities include several ''[[bureaux de change]]'', luggage services, internet access, toilets, showers, a chapel and [[multifaith space|multi-faith prayer room]] for [[worship]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stanstedairport.com/stansted-airport-guide/services-and-facilities/prayer-room |title=Prayer Room |accessdate=11 February 2014}}</ref> There are over 60 shops, bars, restaurants and cafés throughout the airport as well as [[airport lounge]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stanstedairport.com/stansted-airport-guide/services-and-facilities/lounge |title=Stansted Airport Lounge |accessdate=11 February 2014}}</ref>
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| ===Car parks and hotels===
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| [[File:Radisson Hotel at Stansted Airport - geograph.org.uk - 321206.jpg|thumb|The [[Radisson Blu]] hotel which is just a short walk from the Terminal building.]]
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| Stansted has a variety of car parking including Long, Mid and Short Stay options along with Valet and Meet and Greet Parking services. There are also two drop off areas available. The express area is located near the short stay car park while a free service is within the mid stay. A fee is charged for the express service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stanstedairport.com/transport-and-directions/pick-up-and-drop-off|title=Pick Up and Drop Off|accessdate=2 June 2015}}</ref> Terminal Road North and its free drop off area directly outside the terminal was closed shortly after MAG took over the airport in 2013. Since 2004, Stansted also offers a range of hotel accommodation including the [[Hilton Hotels & Resorts|Hilton]], [[Premier Inn]] and [[Radisson Blu]] hotels, the last of which is within two minutes of the Terminal building via an undercover walkway. There are regular bus service transfers between the Terminal building and Stansted's car parks and hotels.
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| ===Control tower===
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| [[File:Stansted Airport - geograph.org.uk - 1761312.jpg|thumb|The Terminal Building where the Control Tower can be seen adjacent to it.]]
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| Stansted's [[air traffic control tower]] was completed in 1996 and is amongst the tallest in Britain and was the tallest at the time of its construction.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mdaconsulting.co.uk/consulting/transport-and-utilities/stansted-airport-control-tower|title=Stansted Airport Control Tower – MDA Consulting|accessdate=29 October 2010}}</ref> It is located at the north-east of the airfield just to the south of the terminal building. It has green-coloured tinted glass which matches that of the windows on the satellite buildings. It replaced the old control tower, which offered poor views of the airfield once the current terminal building was opened in 1991.
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| ===Other infrastructure===
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| There are several cargo buildings and hangars around the airfield. The main cargo centre is located by the control tower and handles most cargo operations, including aircraft such as the [[McDonnell Douglas MD-11]] and the [[Boeing 747]]. There are a small number of hangars on the other side of the runway to the rest of the airport. The largest are located at the south east of the airfield, one of which is used by Ryanair.
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| [[Titan Airways]] has its head office in the Enterprise House on the airport property.<ref>"[http://www.titan-airways.com/contact-us.html Contact Us]." Titan Airways. Retrieved 16 December 2011. "Titan Airways Ltd Enterprise House Stansted Airport Essex CM24 1RN"</ref> Several airlines at one time had their head offices on the airport property. [[AirUK]] (later [[KLM uk]]) had its head office in the Stansted House.<ref>"[http://web.archive.org/web/19961029012516/http://www.airuk.co.uk/ Home-page]."{{sic}} [[AirUK]]. Retrieved 28 February 2010.</ref><ref>"World Airline Directory." ''[[Flight International]]''. 18–24 March 1998. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1998/1998%20-%200608.html?search=Malev 82].</ref> When [[Buzz (airline)|Buzz]] existed, its head office was in the Endeavour House.<ref>"[http://web.archive.org/web/20010702090939/http://www.buzzaway.com/about_us/contact_us.html Contact Us]." [[Buzz (airline)|Buzz]]. Retrieved 2 September 2009.</ref> When [[AB Airlines]] existed, its head office was in the Enterprise House.<ref>"[http://web.archive.org/web/19980130211559/www.abairlines.com/company.htm An Introduction to AB Airlines]." AB Airlines. 30 January 1998. Retrieved 7 February 2011. "AB Airlines – Internet Enquiry Office Enterprise House, Stansted Airport Essex. CM24 1QW"</ref> For a period [[Lloyd International Airways]] had its head office at the Lloyd House at Stansted.<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''[[Flight International]]''. 10 April 1969. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1969/1969%20-%200652.html?search=%22Lloyd%20International%20Airways%22 580]. "Head Office: Lloyd House, First Avenue, Stansted Airport, Essex."</ref> When [[Go Fly]] existed its head office was at the Enterprise House.<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''[[Flight International]]''. 27 March – 2 April 2001. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2001/2001%20-%201065.html?search=%22Go%20Fly%22 77]. "Enterprise House, 2nd Floor, Stansted Airport, Stansted, Essex, CM241SB, UK"</ref>
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| {{clear}}
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| ==Proposed developments==
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| ===Abandoned plans for a second runway===
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| On 11 March 2008, BAA submitted a planning application (titled "G2") to expand the airport by {{convert|3|sqmi|abbr=on|0}} and for the construction of a second runway and terminal, etc., in line with a recommendation in the [[Air transport and the environment (United Kingdom)#Airport development strategy|2003 Air Transport White Paper]] (ATWP). This would have been the subject of a public inquiry and, if approved, would have allowed Stansted to handle more passengers than Heathrow did at the time of the application.<ref>{{Cite news | title = £2.5bn Stansted Generation 2 planning bid submitted | publisher=Transport Briefing | date = 12 March 2008 | url = http://www.transportbriefing.co.uk/story.php?id=4781}}</ref>
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| In May 2010 BAA withdrew its plans to build a second runway at Stansted and withdrew the plans to build a new runway at [[London Heathrow Airport|Heathrow]].<ref name="withdraw">BBC News: [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8701433.stm Heathrow and Stansted runway plans scrapped by BAA], 24 May 2010. Visited 20 June 2011</ref>
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| The ATWP had anticipated that a second runway would be operational by 2011, but this date continued to slip. BAA's 2008 planning application envisaged operation commencing in 2015, and in 2009, BAA revised the anticipated opening date to 2017.
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| Prior to the United Kingdom's May 2010 general election, all three major political parties pledged not to approve a second runway. Soon after the election, the new government confirmed this, and BAA withdrew its application for planning permission, having spent nearly £200 million preparing for the public inquiry and buying up properties.
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| The public inquiry into BAA's second runway application had been scheduled to start on 15 April 2009, but the start was delayed by Secretary of State [[Hazel Blears]] to allow time for BAA and the Government to consider the implications of the March 2009 Competition Commission's ruling that BAA must sell Stansted within two years. As 2011 drew to a close, BAA was still appealing against the Competition Commission ruling. On 20 August 2012, after losing a case at the Court of Appeal, BAA agreed to cease challenging the Competition Commission's ruling and to sell Stansted.
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| On 10 February 2010, Secretary of State [[John Denham (politician)|John Denham]], in an open letter, concluded that the inquiry could not reasonably start until after the General Election. In addition, he commented that the planning application documents were nearly two years old and would require updating. Eventually, BAA realised the futility of pursuing its G2 application in the context of the new government policy and withdrew it on 24 May 2010.<ref name="withdraw"/>
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| ====Stop Stansted Expansion (SSE)====
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| [[File:Stop Stansted Expansion Logo.JPG|thumb|Stop Stansted Expansion logo]]
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| The [[advocacy group]] Stop Stansted Expansion ("SSE"), formed in 2002 as a working group of the North West Essex and East Herts Preservation Association, in response to the Government's consultation on expanding UK airports and, particularly, expansion plans for Stansted Airport subsequently defined in the Air Transport [[White Paper]] in December 2003.<ref>[http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http:/www.dft.gov.uk/about/strategy/whitepapers/air/ [ARCHIVED CONTENT] The Future of Air Transport – White Paper and the Civil Aviation Bill]. Webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 16 August 2013.</ref>
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| It still actively campaigns against what its members see as the unsustainable expansion of the airport. SSE was a major participant in the 2007 "G1" public inquiry and had committed to be a major participant in the anticipated inquiry into the 'G2' second runway proposal. Following the withdrawal of the G2 planning application the group called upon BAA to sell the homes it had bought to support the planned expansion.
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| In September 2012, as a result of pressure from the aviation industry, the Government set up the Airports Commission, chaired by Sir Howard Davies,<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/airports-commission Airports Commission]. GOV.UK. Retrieved 16 August 2013.</ref> to consider what, if anything, needed to be done to maintain the UK's status as a global aviation hub. The Commission concluded that an additional runway would be required for South East England and that it should be added to either Heathrow or Gatwick. Following the 2015 election the Commission made a final recommendation to expand Heathrow subject to certain environmental constraints.
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| Throughout 2013 the Airports Commission published discussion papers and invited submissions from key stakeholders on the main issues it wished to consider. SSE made several thorough submissions. SSE also accepted an invitation to give oral evidence and make a presentation to the Commission on aviation demand forecasting and connectivity at a public evidence session held in Manchester in July 2013.<ref>Stansted Airport Airfield Fire Services 30 March 1998 Emerald Airways HS748 engine exploded on take off whilst carrying the Leeds United football team, aircraft written off but no one injured. Captain John Hackett received awards for his actions saving the passengers lives.</ref>
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| | |
| ===Terminal redevelopment===
| |
| MAG announced on 20 June 2013 as part of a visit to the airport by the Secretary of State for Transport that it would be launching an £80 million terminal redevelopment programme. MAG has invested £40 million and the remainder was invested by other commercial partners.The redevelopment included relocation of the security area, doubling the amount of seating and improving the information displays. The new Departure Lounge offers a Food Court, a number of new shops and Escape Lounge. However, many travellers have voiced concerns and complaints about the new layout because passengers are guided through a shopping walkway, and seating has been reduced in the main departure lounge.<ref>http://www.airlinequality.com/airport-reviews/london-stansted-airport/</ref> Satellite One has also been redeveloped with the aim to attract more long haul airlines to Stansted.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stanstedairport.com/about-us/media-centre/press-releases/transport-secretary-launches-%C2%A380-million-terminal-redevelopment |title=Transport Secretary Launches £80 Million Terminal Redevelopment |date=20 June 2013 |publisher=London Stansted Airport |accessdate=11 February 2014}}</ref>
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| | |
| ==Airlines and destinations==
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| | |
| ===Passenger===
| |
| The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights to and from Stansted:<ref>[http://www.stanstedairport.com/flight-information/ stanstedairport.com - Flight Information] retrieved 9 September 2016</ref>
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| | |
| <!-- WHEN ADDING A NEW ROUTE, OR ADDING AN END DATE FOR A ROUTE PLEASE ADD A REFERENCE, ALSO ADD THE ROUTE AND LINK ON THE CORRESPONDING AIRPORTS ARTICLE AND THE AIRLINES ARTICLE IF IT IS A NEW DESTINATION, ANYTHING WHICH IS NOT REFERENCED WILL BE REMOVED. -->
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| {{Airport destination list
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Air Moldova]] | [[Chișinău International Airport|Chișinău]]
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| <!-- -->
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| | [[Arkia]] <br>{{nowrap|operated by [[Travel Service (airline)|Travel Service]]}} | [[Ben Gurion Airport|Tel Aviv-Ben Gurion]] (begins 29 May 2017)<ref>http://www.arkia.com/flights-to-israel</ref>
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| <!-- -->
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| | [[AtlasGlobal]] | [[Istanbul Atatürk Airport|Istanbul-Atatürk]]
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| <!-- -->
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| | [[Aurigny]] | [[Guernsey Airport|Guernsey]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Austrian Airlines]] | '''Seasonal:''' [[Innsbruck Airport|Innsbruck]]
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| <!-- -->
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| | [[BH Air]] | '''Seasonal:''' [[Burgas Airport|Burgas]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[British Airways]] <br>{{nowrap|operated by [[BA CityFlyer]]}} | [[Berlin Tegel Airport|Berlin-Tegel]] <br/> '''Seasonal:''' [[Chambéry Airport|Chambéry]], [[Faro Airport|Faro]], [[Ibiza Airport|Ibiza]], [[Málaga Airport|Málaga]], [[Palma de Mallorca Airport|Palma de Mallorca]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Cobalt Air]] | [[Larnaca International Airport|Larnaca]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[easyJet]] | [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Amsterdam]], [[Asturias Airport|Asturias]], [[Belfast International Airport|Belfast-International]], [[Bilbao Airport|Bilbao]], [[Cagliari Elmas Airport|Cagliari]], [[Edinburgh Airport|Edinburgh]], [[Glasgow Airport|Glasgow]], [[Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport|Ljubljana]], [[Málaga Airport|Málaga]], [[Munich Airport|Munich]], [[Naples International Airport|Naples]], [[Nice Côte d'Azur Airport|Nice]], [[Palma de Mallorca Airport|Palma de Mallorca]], [[Václav Havel Airport Prague|Prague]] <br>'''Seasonal:''' [[Milas–Bodrum Airport|Bodrum]], [[Dalaman Airport|Dalaman]], [[Dubrovnik Airport|Dubrovnik]], [[Geneva International Airport|Geneva]], [[Grenoble–Isère Airport|Grenoble]], [[Ibiza Airport|Ibiza]], [[Menorca Airport|Menorca]] (begins 24 June 2017), [[Keflavík International Airport|Reykjavik-Keflavík]], [[Sofia Airport|Sofia]], [[Split Airport|Split]], [[Zakynthos International Airport|Zakynthos]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Eurowings]] | [[Munich Airport|Munich]] (begins 31 March 2017),<ref>http://www.travelweekly.co.uk/articles/64520/eurowings-to-serve-three-uk-airports-from-new-munich-hub</ref> [[Vienna International Airport|Vienna]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Eurowings]] <br>{{nowrap|operated by [[Germanwings]]}}<!--THE GERMANWINGS BRAND IS NO LONGER IN USE; THEY JUST PROVIDE THE AIRCRAFT FOR EUROWINGS' FLIGHTS--> | [[Cologne Bonn Airport|Cologne/Bonn]], [[Hannover Airport|Hannover]], [[Stuttgart Airport|Stuttgart]]
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| <!-- -->
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| | [[Flybe]] | '''Seasonal:''' [[Cornwall Airport Newquay|Newquay]]
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| <!-- -->
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| | [[Flybe]] <br>{{nowrap|operated by [[Loganair]]}} | [[Dundee Airport|Dundee]] (ends 31 August 2017)<ref name="loganair"/>
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Jet2.com]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jet2.com/timetable|title=Flight Timetables - Jet2.com|publisher=}}</ref> | [[Alicante Airport|Alicante]] (begins 30 March 2017), [[Faro Airport|Faro]] (begins 30 March 2017), [[Fuerteventura Airport|Fuerteventura]] (begins 31 March 2017), [[Madeira Airport|Funchal]] (begins 3 April 2017), [[Gran Canaria Airport|Gran Canaria]] (begins 1 April 2017), [[Lanzarote Airport|Lanzarote]] (begins 30 March 2017), [[Málaga Airport|Málaga]] (begins 31 March 2017), [[Paphos International Airport|Paphos]] (begins 5 April 2017), [[Tenerife South Airport|Tenerife-South]] (begins 31 March 2017) <br/>'''Seasonal:''' [[Antalya Airport|Antalya]] (begins 4 July 2017), [[Corfu International Airport|Corfu]] (begins 3 July 2017), [[Dalaman Airport|Dalaman]] (begins 4 July 2017), [[Dubrovnik Airport|Dubrovnik]] (begins 29 April 2017), [[Geneva Airport|Geneva]] (begins 21 December 2017), [[Girona-Costa Brava Airport|Girona]] (begins 26 May 2017), [[Heraklion International Airport|Heraklion]] (begins 30 April 2017), [[Ibiza Airport|Ibiza]] (begins 28 April 2017), [[Kos International Airport|Kos]] (begins 1 May 2017), [[Larnaca International Airport|Larnaca]] (begins 5 April 2017), [[Menorca Airport|Menorca]] (begins 29 April 2017), [[Palma de Mallorca Airport|Palma de Mallorca]] (begins 30 March 2017), [[Pula Airport|Pula]] (begins 30 April 2017), [[Reus Airport|Reus]] (begins 28 April 2017), [[Rhodes International Airport|Rhodes]] (begins 27 April 2017), [[Salzburg Airport|Salzburg]] (begins 30 November 2017), [[Split Airport|Split]] (begins 2 July 2017), [[Zakynthos International Airport|Zakynthos]] (begins 25 May 2017)
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Loganair]] | [[Dundee Airport|Dundee]] (begins 1 September 2017)<ref name="loganair">http://www.loganair.co.uk/loganair/press-office/256/scotland%26%23039%3bs-airline-spreads-its-wings</ref>
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Montenegro Airlines]] | '''Seasonal:''' [[Tivat Airport|Tivat]]
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| <!-- -->
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| | [[Pegasus Airlines]] | [[Sabiha Gökçen International Airport|Istanbul-Sabiha Gökçen]], [[Adnan Menderes Airport|İzmir]] <br> '''Seasonal:''' [[Milas–Bodrum Airport|Bodrum]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Ryanair]] | [[Aarhus Airport|Aarhus]], [[Agadir–Al Massira Airport|Agadir]], [[Alicante Airport|Alicante]], [[Ancona Airport|Ancona]], [[Athens International Airport|Athens]], [[Barcelona El Prat Airport|Barcelona]], [[Bari Airport|Bari]], [[EuroAirport Basel–Mulhouse–Freiburg|Basel/Mulhouse]], [[Il Caravaggio International Airport|Bergamo]], [[Bergerac Dordogne Périgord Airport|Bergerac]], [[Berlin Schönefeld Airport|Berlin-Schönefeld]], [[Biarritz – Anglet – Bayonne Airport|Biarritz]], [[Billund Airport|Billund]], [[Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport|Bologna]], [[Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport|Bordeaux]], [[M. R. Štefánik Airport|Bratislava]], [[Bremen Airport|Bremen]], [[Brindisi Airport|Brindisi]], [[Brno-Turany Airport|Brno]], [[Henri Coandă International Airport|Bucharest]], [[Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport|Budapest]], [[Bydgoszcz Ignacy Jan Paderewski Airport|Bydgoszcz]], [[Carcassonne Airport|Carcassonne]], [[Castellón–Costa Azahar Airport|Castellón]], [[Cologne Bonn Airport|Cologne/Bonn]], [[Cork Airport|Cork]], [[City of Derry Airport|Derry]] (ends 25 March 2017),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-foyle-west-37348416|title=City of Derry Airport: Ryanair flight to London axed|date=13 September 2016|publisher=|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> [[Dinard – Pleurtuit – Saint-Malo Airport|Dinard]], [[Dortmund Airport|Dortmund]], [[Dublin Airport|Dublin]], [[Edinburgh Airport|Edinburgh]], [[Eindhoven Airport|Eindhoven]], [[Faro Airport|Faro]], [[Fes-Saïss Airport|Fez]], [[Frankfurt-Hahn Airport|Frankfurt-Hahn]], [[Fuerteventura Airport|Fuerteventura]], [[Gdańsk Lech Wałęsa Airport|Gdańsk]], [[Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport|Genoa]], [[Glasgow Airport|Glasgow]], [[Göteborg Landvetter Airport|Gothenburg]], [[Gran Canaria Airport|Gran Canaria]], [[Hamburg Airport|Hamburg]], [[Jerez Airport|Jerez de la Frontera]], [[Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden Airport|Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden]], [[Katowice International Airport|Katowice]], [[Kaunas Airport|Kaunas]], [[Kerry Airport|Kerry]], [[Ireland West Airport Knock|Knock]], [[John Paul II International Airport Kraków-Balice|Kraków]], [[La Rochelle – Île de Ré Airport|La Rochelle]], [[Lamezia Terme Airport|Lamezia Terme]], [[Lanzarote Airport|Lanzarote]], [[Leipzig/Halle Airport|Leipzig/Halle]], [[Limoges – Bellegarde Airport|Limoges]], [[Linz Airport|Linz]], [[Lisbon Portela Airport|Lisbon]], [[Tarbes-Lourdes-Pyrénées Airport|Lourdes]], [[Lublin Airport|Lublin]], [[Łódź Władysław Reymont Airport|Łódź]], [[Luxembourg – Findel Airport|Luxembourg]], [[Madrid-Barajas Airport|Madrid]], [[Málaga Airport|Málaga]], [[Malta International Airport|Malta]], [[Marrakesh Menara Airport|Marrakesh]], [[Marseille Provence Airport|Marseille]], [[Memmingen Airport|Memmingen]], [[Milan–Malpensa Airport|Milan-Malpensa]], [[Murcia-San Javier Airport|Murcia]], [[Nuremberg Airport|Nuremberg]], [[Olsztyn-Mazury Regional Airport|Olsztyn]], [[Osijek Airport|Osijek]], [[Oslo Airport, Gardermoen|Oslo-Gardermoen]], [[Leoš Janáček Airport Ostrava|Ostrava]], [[Palanga International Airport|Palanga]], [[Falcone–Borsellino Airport|Palermo]], [[Palma de Mallorca Airport|Palma de Mallorca]], [[Paphos International Airport|Paphos]], [[Perugia San Francesco d'Assisi – Umbria International Airport|Perugia]], [[Abruzzo Airport|Pescara]], [[Galileo Galilei Airport|Pisa]], [[Plovdiv Airport|Plovdiv]], [[Podgorica Airport|Podgorica]], [[Poitiers–Biard Airport|Poitiers]], [[Francisco de Sá Carneiro Airport|Porto]], [[Poznań–Ławica Airport|Poznań]], [[Václav Havel Airport Prague|Prague]], [[Rabat–Salé Airport|Rabat]], [[Reus Airport|Reus]], [[Riga International Airport|Riga]], [[Rome Ciampino Airport|Rome-Ciampino]], [[Rzeszów-Jasionka Airport|Rzeszów]], [[Salzburg Airport|Salzburg]], [[Santander Airport|Santander]], [[Santiago de Compostela Airport|Santiago de Compostela]], [[San Pablo Airport|Seville]], [[Shannon Airport|Shannon]], [[Sofia Airport|Sofia]], [[Stockholm Skavsta Airport|Stockholm-Skavsta]], [[Stockholm Västerås Airport|Stockholm-Västerås]], [[Strasbourg Airport|Strasbourg]] (resumes 26 March 2017),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corporate.ryanair.com/news/news/160831-ryanair-launches-london-summer-2017-schedule-2-new-routes-to-strasbourg-faro-calls-on-govt-to-approve-3-london-runways-in-post-brexit-initiative/?market=en|title=Ryanair Launches London Summer 2017 Schedule, 2 New Routes To Strasbourg & Faro, Calls On Govt To Approve 3 London Runways In Post Brexit Initiative|publisher=}}</ref> [["Solidarity" Szczecin-Goleniów Airport|Szczecin]], [[Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport|Tallinn]], [[Tenerife South Airport|Tenerife-South]], [[Thessaloniki International Airport|Thessaloniki]], [[Timișoara Traian Vuia International Airport|Timișoara]], [[Toulouse–Blagnac Airport|Toulouse]], [[Tours Val de Loire Airport|Tours]], [[Treviso Airport|Treviso]], [[Friuli Venezia Giulia Airport|Trieste]], [[Turin Airport|Turin]], [[Valencia Airport|Valencia]], [[Verona Airport|Verona]], [[Vilnius Airport|Vilnius]], [[Warsaw–Modlin Mazovia Airport|Warsaw-Modlin]], [[Weeze Airport|Weeze]] (ends 25 March 2017),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ryanair.com/de/de/|title=Offizielle Ryanair-Website - Billigflüge - Günstige Flüge|publisher=}}</ref><!--OTHER ROUTES ARE ALREADY OPEN FOR BOOKING AFTER THAT DATE--> [[Wrocław–Copernicus Airport|Wrocław]], [[Zaragoza Airport|Zaragoza]] <br>'''Seasonal:''' [[Fertilia Airport|Alghero]], [[Almería Airport|Almería]], [[Brive–Souillac Airport|Brive]], [[Chania International Airport|Chania]], [[Comiso Airport|Comiso]], [[Corfu International Airport|Corfu]], [[Deauville – Saint-Gatien Airport|Deauville]], [[Girona-Costa Brava Airport|Girona]], [[Grenoble-Isère Airport|Grenoble]], [[Ibiza Airport|Ibiza]], [[Cephalonia International Airport|Kefalonia]], [[Ponta Delgada Airport|Ponta Delgada]], [[Perpignan – Rivesaltes Airport|Perpignan]], [[Pula Airport|Pula]], [[Rhodes International Airport|Rhodes]], [[Rijeka Airport|Rijeka]], [[Sandefjord Airport, Torp|Torp]], [[Zadar Airport|Zadar]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | {{nowrap|[[Thomas Cook Airlines]]}} | [[Fuerteventura Airport|Fuerteventura]], [[Lanzarote Airport|Lanzarote]], [[Tenerife South Airport|Tenerife-South]] <br>'''Seasonal:''' [[Alicante-Elche Airport|Alicante]] (begins 21 July 2017), [[Almería Airport|Almería]], [[Antalya Airport|Antalya]], [[Cancún International Airport|Cancún]], [[Corfu International Airport|Corfu]], [[Dalaman Airport|Dalaman]], [[Gran Canaria Airport|Gran Canaria]], [[Ibiza Airport|Ibiza]], [[Cephalonia International Airport|Kefalonia]], [[Kos International Airport|Kos]], [[Larnaca International Airport|Larnaca]], [[McCarran International Airport|Las Vegas]], [[Menorca Airport|Menorca]], [[Orlando International Airport|Orlando]], [[Palma de Mallorca Airport|Palma de Mallorca]], [[Reus Airport|Reus]], [[Rhodes International Airport|Rhodes]], [[Skiathos Island National Airport|Skiathos]], [[Zakynthos International Airport|Zakynthos]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Thomson Airways]] | [[Cancún International Airport|Cancún]], [[Fuerteventura Airport|Fuerteventura]], [[Gran Canaria Airport|Gran Canaria]], [[Lanzarote Airport|Lanzarote]], [[Paphos International Airport|Paphos]], [[Sharm el-Sheikh International Airport|Sharm el-Sheikh]] (resumes 5 November 2017),<ref>http://www.thomson.co.uk/flight/timetable</ref> [[Tenerife South Airport|Tenerife-South]] <br>'''Seasonal:''' [[Antalya Airport|Antalya]], [[Corfu International Airport|Corfu]], [[Dalaman Airport|Dalaman]], [[Faro Airport|Faro]], [[Geneva Airport|Geneva]], [[Grenoble-Isère Airport|Grenoble]], [[Heraklion International Airport|Heraklion]], [[Ibiza Airport|Ibiza]], [[Innsbruck Airport|Innsbruck]], [[Cephalonia International Airport|Kefalonia]], [[Kos International Airport|Kos]], [[Larnaca International Airport|Larnaca]] (begins 7 May 2017), [[Menorca Airport|Menorca]], [[Sangster International Airport|Montego Bay]] (begins 5 May 2017), [[Orlando Sanford International Airport|Orlando/Sanford]], [[Palma de Mallorca Airport|Palma de Mallorca]], [[Rhodes International Airport|Rhodes]], [[Salzburg Airport|Salzburg]], [[Turin Caselle Airport|Turin]], [[Zakynthos International Airport|Zakynthos]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Titan Airways]] | '''Seasonal charter:''' [[Calvi – Sainte-Catherine Airport|Calvi]], [[Chambéry Airport|Chambéry]], [[Dalaman Airport|Dalaman]], [[Figari Sud-Corse Airport|Figari]], [[Grenoble-Isère Airport|Grenoble]], [[Aktion National Airport|Preveza]], [[Tarbes-Lourdes-Pyrénées Airport|Tarbes/Lourdes]], [[Zadar Airport|Zadar]] (begins 28 May 2017)<ref>http://avioradar.hr/index.php/hrvatska/380-titan-airways-dolazi-u-zadar</ref>
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| <!-- -->
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ===Cargo===
| |
| {{Airport destination list
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Asiana Cargo]] | [[Malpensa Airport|Milan-Malpensa]], [[Domodedovo Airport|Moscow-Domodedovo]], [[Incheon International Airport|Seoul-Incheon]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[ASL Airlines Belgium]] | [[Liège Airport|Liège]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Astral Aviation]] | [[Jomo Kenyatta International Airport|Nairobi]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Cargolux]] | [[Hong Kong International Airport|Hong Kong]],<ref name="www.eadt.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.eadt.co.uk/business/stansted_freight_carrier_cargolux_launches_hong_kong_and_luxembourg_link_1_1885030 |title=Stansted: Freight carrier Cargolux launches Hong Kong and Luxembourg link |work=Eadt.co.uk |date=10 February 2013 |accessdate=6 March 2013}}</ref> [[Luxembourg Findel Airport|Luxembourg]],<ref name="www.eadt.co.uk"/> [[Malpensa Airport|Milan-Malpensa]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[China Southern|China Southern Cargo]] | [[Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport|Guangzhou]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inforwarding.oagcargo.com/index/display/id/56567|title=Welcome to Inforwarding – Operational Announcements for the Air Cargo industry|author=UBM Aviation,OAG Cargo|accessdate=2 June 2015}}</ref> [[Frankfurt Airport|Frankfurt]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[FedEx Express]] | [[Cologne Bonn Airport|Cologne/Bonn]], [[Dublin Airport|Dublin]], [[Indianapolis International Airport|Indianapolis]], [[Memphis International Airport|Memphis]], [[Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport|Paris-Charles de Gaulle]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[FedEx Feeder]] <br>{{nowrap|operated by [[ASL Airlines Ireland]]}} | [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Amsterdam]], [[Glasgow Airport|Glasgow]], [[Manchester Airport|Manchester]]
| |
| <!-- Air Contractors changed name http://www.aircontractors.com/ -->
| |
| | [[FedEx Feeder]] <br>{{nowrap|operated by [[Swiftair]]}} | [[Glasgow Airport|Glasgow]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Martinair]] | [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Amsterdam]], [[El Dorado International Airport|Bogotá]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Panalpina]] | [[Huntsville International Airport|Huntsville]], [[Luxembourg Findel Airport|Luxembourg]], [[Guadalajara International Airport|Guadalajara]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Qatar Airways Cargo]] | [[Kotoka International Airport|Accra]], [[Hamad International Airport|Doha]], [[Milan-Malpensa Airport|Milan-Malpensa]], [[Oslo Airport, Gardermoen|Oslo-Gardermoen]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Royal Mail]]<br> operated by [[Jet2.com]] | [[Belfast-International]], [[Edinburgh Airport|Edinburgh]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Royal Mail]]<br> operated by [[Titan Airways]] | [[Belfast-International]], [[Edinburgh Airport|Edinburgh]], [[Exeter International Airport|Exeter]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Royal Mail]]<br> operated by [[West Atlantic]] | [[Newcastle Airport|Newcastle upon Tyne]], [[Jersey Airport|Jersey]], [[Guernsey Airport|Guernsey]], [[Edinburgh Airport|Edinburgh]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[Turkish Airlines Cargo]] | [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Amsterdam]], [[Istanbul Atatürk Airport|Istanbul-Atatürk]]
| |
| <!-- -->
| |
| | [[UPS Airlines]] | [[Cologne Bonn Airport|Cologne/Bonn]], [[Newark Liberty International Airport|Newark]], [[Philadelphia International Airport|Philadelphia]]
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| <!-- -->
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==Statistics==
| |
| | |
| ===1988–2000===
| |
| In 1988, over 1.1 million passengers passed through Stansted, the first time annual passenger numbers had exceeded 1 million at the airport.<ref name="Oldstats">{{cite web |url=http://www.caa.co.uk/default.aspx?catid=80&pagetype=88&sglid=22 |title=1983 – 1997 Airport Statistics – Aviation Intelligence |publisher=United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority |accessdate=28 January 2013}}</ref> Consistent year-on-year growth followed and by 1997 the total had reached over 5 million, rapidly rising to almost 12 million in 2000.<ref name="stats"/>
| |
| | |
| ===2000 onwards===
| |
| In 2007 passenger numbers peaked at nearly 24 million, but then declined for 5 years and in 2012 the total was around 17.5 million. An increase of 2.2% was recorded in 2013 to 17.8 million passengers, then 11.7% in 2014 to 19.9 million, followed by 12.8% in 2015 to 22.5nbsp;million, making Stansted the [[Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic|fourth busiest airport]] in the United Kingdom.<ref name="stats"/> Stansted also is a major freight airport, the third busiest in the UK during 2015, behind London Heathrow and East Midlands Airport, handling in excess of 207,000 tonnes per annum, although freight throughput has declined slightly from its 2005 peak level.<ref name="stats"/>
| |
| | |
| Passenger numbers for the year to September 2016 increased by 8.4% to over 24 million for the first time since 2007.<ref>{{cite journal|title=London Stansted Airport|journal=Airliner World|issue=December 2016|page=9|accessdate=25 November 2016}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| [[File:Ryanair Boeing 737-800, EI-DLG@STN,21.11.2006-439ao - Flickr - Aero Icarus.jpg|thumb|right|[[Ryanair]] [[Boeing 737 Next Generation|Boeing 737-800]] at London Stansted Airport]]
| |
| [[File:EasyJet Airbus A319-111, G-EZAG@STN,21.11.2006-439bm - Flickr - Aero Icarus.jpg|thumb|right|[[easyJet]] [[Airbus A320 family|Airbus A319-100]] at London Stansted Airport]]
| |
| [[File:Thomas Cook Airbus A320 at Stansted.jpg|thumb|right|[[Thomas Cook Airlines]] [[Airbus A320 family|Airbus A320-200]] at London Stansted Airport]]
| |
| [[File:UPS (N308UP), Stansted, July 2010 (01).JPG|thumb|[[UPS Airlines]] [[Boeing 767-300F]] at London Stansted Airport]]
| |
| [[File:N850GT (8071796766).jpg|thumb|[[Panalpina]] [[Boeing 747-8F]] at London Stansted Airport]]
| |
| [[File:TNT Airways Airbus A300B4-203(F), OO-TZC@STN,21.11.2006-439bz - Flickr - Aero Icarus.jpg|thumb|[[TNT Airways]] [[Airbus A300]] at London Stansted Airport]]
| |
| <center>
| |
| {| style="border:solid 1px #aaa;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0"
| |
| |+'''London Stansted Airport Passenger Totals 2000–2015 (millions)''' <ref name="stats"/>
| |
| |-
| |
| | <timeline>
| |
| ImageSize = width:auto height:250 barincrement:29
| |
| PlotArea = left:30 bottom:15 top:10 right:15
| |
| AlignBars = justify
| |
| Period = from:10 till:24
| |
| TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
| |
| | |
| Colors =
| |
| id:gray value:gray(0.5)
| |
| id:line1 value:gray(0.9)
| |
| id:line2 value:gray(0.7)
| |
| | |
| ScaleMajor = start:10 increment:2 gridcolor:line2
| |
| ScaleMinor = start:10 increment:1 gridcolor:line1
| |
| | |
| PlotData=
| |
| color:blue width:20
| |
| bar:2000 from:start till:11.878
| |
| bar:2001 from:start till:13.665
| |
| bar:2002 from:start till:16.055
| |
| bar:2003 from:start till:18.722
| |
| bar:2004 from:start till:20.911
| |
| bar:2005 from:start till:21.999
| |
| bar:2006 from:start till:23.687
| |
| bar:2007 from:start till:23.780
| |
| bar:2008 from:start till:22.360
| |
| bar:2009 from:start till:19.957
| |
| bar:2010 from:start till:18.574
| |
| bar:2011 from:start till:18.053
| |
| bar:2012 from:start till:17.473
| |
| bar:2013 from:start till:17.852
| |
| bar:2014 from:start till:19.942
| |
| bar:2015 from:start till:22.5139
| |
| </timeline>
| |
| |-
| |
| |Updated: 4 April 2016.
| |
| |}
| |
| </center>
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin:auto;"
| |
| |+
| |
| ! style="width:75px"| !! style="width:100px"|Number of Passengers<ref group=nb>number of passengers including both domestic and international</ref>!! style="width:100px"| Percentage Change !! style="width:100px"| Number of Movements<ref group=nb>number of movements represents total aircraft takeoffs and landings during that year</ref>!! style="width:75px"| Freight (tonnes)
| |
| |-
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| !2000
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| |11,878,190 || – || 165,779 || 167,823
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| |-
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| !2001
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| |13,665,333 || {{increase}}15.0% || 169,583 || 165,660
| |
| |-
| |
| !2002
| |
| |16,054,522 || {{increase}}17.5% || 170,544 || 184,449
| |
| |-
| |
| !2003
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| |18,722,112 || {{increase}}16.6% || 186,475 || 198,565
| |
| |-
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| !2004
| |
| |20,910,842 || {{increase}}11.7% || 192,245 || 225,772
| |
| |-
| |
| !2005
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| |21,998,673|| {{increase}}{{0}}5.2% || 193,511 || 237,045
| |
| |-
| |
| !2006
| |
| |23,687,013 || {{increase}}{{0}}7.7% || 206,693 || 224,312
| |
| |-
| |
| !2007
| |
| |23,779,697 || {{increase}}{{0}}0.4% || 208,462 || 203,747
| |
| |-
| |
| !2008
| |
| |22,360,364 || {{decrease}}{{0}}6.0% || 193,282 || 197,738
| |
| |-
| |
| !2009
| |
| |19,957,077 || {{decrease}}10.7% || 167,817 || 182,810
| |
| |-
| |
| !2010
| |
| |18,573,592 || {{decrease}}{{0}}6.9% || 155,140 || 202,238
| |
| |-
| |
| !2011
| |
| |18,052,843 || {{decrease}}{{0}}2.8% || 148,317 || 202,593
| |
| |-
| |
| !2012
| |
| |17,472,699 || {{decrease}}{{0}}3.2% || 143,511 || 214,160
| |
| |-
| |
| !2013
| |
| |17,852,393 || {{increase}}{{0}}2.2% || 146,324 || 211,952
| |
| |-
| |
| !2014
| |
| |19,941,593 || {{increase}}11.7% || 157,117 || 204,725
| |
| |-
| |
| !2015
| |
| |22,519,178 || {{increase}}12.8% || 168,629 || 207,996
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="5" style="text-align:right;"| <sup>''Source: [[United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority|UK Civil Aviation Authority]]''<ref name="stats"/></sup><br />
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| {{reflist|group="nb"}}
| |
| |}
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| | |
| ===Busiest routes===
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| <center>
| |
| {|class="wikitable sortable"
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| |+ Busiest routes (2015)<ref name="stats"/>
| |
| |- bgcolor=lightgrey
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| ! Rank|| Airport || Passengers handled || % Change<br>2014 / 15
| |
| |-
| |
| |1|| [[Dublin Airport|Dublin]]||897,748||{{increase}} 9
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| |-
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| |2|| [[Edinburgh Airport|Edinburgh]]||622,172||{{increase}} 73
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| |-
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| |3|| [[Glasgow Airport|Glasgow]]||533,327||{{increase}} 75
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| |-
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| |4|| [[Rome Ciampino Airport|Rome-Ciampino]]||515,514||{{increase}} 8
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| |-
| |
| |5|| [[Milan Bergamo Airport|Bergamo]]||495,005||{{increase}} 13
| |
| |-
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| |6|| [[Barcelona Airport|Barcelona]]||490,068||{{increase}} 31
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| |-
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| |7|| [[Madrid Airport|Madrid]]||453,641||{{increase}} 23
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| |-
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| |8|| [[Cologne Bonn Airport|Cologne]]||387,788||{{increase}} 131
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| |-
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| |9|| [[Warsaw Modlin Airport|Warsaw-Modlin]]||371,836||{{increase}} 13
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| |-
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| |10|| [[Lisbon Airport|Lisbon]]||369,518||{{increase}} 42
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| |-
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| |11|| [[Budapest Airport|Budapest]]||368,605||{{increase}} 26
| |
| |-
| |
| |12|| [[Málaga Airport|Málaga]]||356,909||{{increase}} 4
| |
| |-
| |
| |13|| [[Prague Airport|Prague]]||333,672||{{increase}} 64
| |
| |-
| |
| |14|| [[Pisa Airport|Pisa]]||333,111||{{decrease}} 13
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| |-
| |
| |15|| [[Berlin Schönefeld Airport|Berlin-Schönefeld]]||331,488||{{increase}} 38
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| |-
| |
| |16|| [[Belfast International Airport|Belfast-International]]||323,659||{{increase}} 5
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| |-
| |
| |17|| [[Palma de Mallorca Airport|Palma de Mallorca]]||320,455||{{increase}} 7
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| |-
| |
| |18|| [[Cork Airport|Cork]]||320,140||{{increase}} 25
| |
| |-
| |
| |19|| [[Krakow Airport|Kraków]]||307,139||{{increase}} 19
| |
| |-
| |
| |20|| [[Amsterdam Airport|Amsterdam]]||300,571||{{increase}} 8
| |
| |}
| |
| </center>
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| | |
| ==Ground transport==
| |
| | |
| ===Transit system===
| |
| {{unreferenced section|date=May 2016}}
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| [[File:Stansted Airport People Mover.JPG|thumb|The transit system which links the main terminal building to satellite buildings 1 (gates 1 – 19) and 2 (gates 20 – 39).]]
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| {{Main article|Stansted Airport Transit System}}
| |
| The Stansted Airport Transit System connects the terminal to the satellite buildings via a {{convert|2|mi|0|abbr=on}} free [[automated people mover]] service which runs on dual concrete track. The system uses a mix of [[Adtranz C-100]] and [[Bombardier Innovia APM 100]] vehicles to carry passengers to departure gates. Unlike the similar [[Gatwick Airport transit]], the Stansted transit is only accessible "airside" (i.e. only after passengers pass through security).
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| | |
| ===Trains===
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| [[File:Stansted Express Liverpool Street.jpg|thumb|The [[Stansted Express]] at [[Liverpool Street station|London Liverpool Street]].]]
| |
| [[Stansted Airport railway station]] is situated in the terminal building directly below the main concourse.
| |
| | |
| Services to [[London]] are on the [[Stansted Express]] train to and from [[Liverpool Street station|London Liverpool Street]] in Central London. This service operates every 15 minutes and the usual journey time is roughly 45 to 53 minutes. Liverpool Street is served by the [[Central line (London Underground)|Central]], [[Circle line (London Underground)|Circle]], [[Hammersmith & City line|Hammersmith & City]] and the [[Metropolitan line|Metropolitan]] lines of the [[London Underground]] network, offering access throughout London. The Stansted Express also calls at [[Tottenham Hale station|Tottenham Hale]], for the Underground's [[Victoria line]] and connections to various destinations in North London and the [[West End of London|West End]]. Some Stansted Express services also call at [[Stansted Mountfitchet railway station|Stansted Mountfitchet]], [[Bishops Stortford railway station|Bishop's Stortford]] and/or [[Harlow Town railway station|Harlow Town]] en-route to London Liverpool Street.
| |
| | |
| [[CrossCountry]] operates services from the airport to [[Birmingham New Street railway station|Birmingham New Street]], via [[Cambridge railway station|Cambridge]], [[Peterborough]] and [[Leicester]], which run every 60 minutes. [[Abellio Greater Anglia]] operates local stopping services to [[Cambridge railway station|Cambridge]].
| |
| | |
| ===Buses and coaches===
| |
| Scheduled express bus or coach services run to and from Stratford (45 minutes), [[Victoria Coach Station]] (75 minutes), [[Liverpool Street Station]] (55 minutes) and [[Golders Green]] (70 minutes) (all in London), costing about half the train fare but taking longer. The bus station is next to the terminal building. [[National Express Coaches|National Express]] runs scheduled but infrequent direct coach services to the airport from Oxford as service JL737, taking about three hours, and hourly services to and from Cambridge.
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| | |
| A few local bus services operate to the nearby communities of [[Bishops Stortford]] and [[Stansted Mountfitchet]], most notably the 510/509/508 (Harlow to Stansted via Stansted Mountfitchet, Parsonage Lane and Takeley respectively), 308 (Bishops Stortford to Stansted) and the 700 Express ([[Stevenage]] to Stansted). Villagelink services 5 and 7 connect to many of the nearby villages. Journeys are free of charge within the vicinity of the airport, by reason of a green travel plan instituted by the BAA to reduce staff demands for parking space.
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| | |
| Stansted is also the start of coach X30 service to [[Southend-on-Sea]] via [[Chelmsford]] and [[Southend Airport]], oprated by [[First Essex]], this route runs hourly 24 hours a day.
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| | |
| ===Roads===
| |
| Stansted is connected to northeast London and Cambridge by the [[M11 motorway]] and to [[Braintree, Essex|Braintree]], [[Colchester]] and [[Harwich]] by the A120, which is dual-carriageway until Braintree. The road distance to London is {{convert|37|mi|km}}.
| |
| | |
| As of October 1996, the airport has 2,500 short stay parking spaces within walking distance to the terminal. In addition, as of the same month, the airport has over 8,000 long stay spaces located near the [[M11 motorway]] and A120 junction. A courtesy bus service links the long stay spaces to the terminal.<ref name="parking">Stansted Website on [http://www.stanstedairport.com/portal/page/Stansted%5EGeneral%5ETo+and+from+Stansted%5EStansted+parking+options/511892b57c77d110VgnVCM10000036821c0a____/448c6a4c7f1b0010VgnVCM200000357e120a____/ Stansted Parking Facilities], visited 19 June 2011</ref> The airport also offers mid stay parking, closer to the terminal than its long stay spaces.''<ref name="parking" />''
| |
| Stansted Airport also offers valet-parking and a meet and greet service which is similar to valet but marketed more at the leisure traveller market, both are run from the short stay car park<ref>Stansted Airport Press Release [http://www.stanstedairport.com/about-us/media-centre/press-releases/new-'meet-and-greet'-service-to-open-at-stansted] visited 21 June 2013</ref>
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| | |
| ==Incidents and accidents==
| |
| Stansted has been designated by the UK Government as its preferred airport for any hijacked planes requesting to land in the UK. This is because its design allows a hijacked airliner to be isolated well away from any terminal buildings or runways, allowing the airport to continue to operate while negotiations are carried out, or even while an assault or rescue mission is undertaken. For this reason Stansted has been involved in more hijack incidents than might be expected for an airport of its size.
| |
| | |
| *On 27 February 1982 an [[Air Tanzania]] [[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-2R8C]] landed at the airport after having been hijacked on an internal flight from [[Mwanza Airport|Mwanza]] to [[Dar Es Salaam Airport|Dar Es Salaam]] and flown to the UK via Nairobi, Jeddah and Athens, where two passengers had been released. The hijackers demanded to speak to exiled Tanzanian opposition politician [[Oscar Kambona]]. This request was granted and after 26 hours on the ground the hijackers surrendered and the passengers were released.<ref name=bbcsth>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/633654.stm |title=Stansted's Hijack History |publisher=BBC News |date=7 February 2000 |accessdate=6 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19820226-0 | title = Hijacking Description | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | date= 6 January 2014 | accessdate= 6 January 2014}}</ref>
| |
| *On 22 December 1999, [[Korean Air Cargo Flight 8509]], a [[Boeing 747|Boeing 747-200F]], crashed shortly after take off from the airfield due to pilot error. The only people on board at the time were the aircrew and all four were killed. The aircraft crashed in [[Hatfield Forest]] near the village of Great Hallingbury.
| |
| *On 6 February 2000, an [[Ariana Afghan Airlines]] [[Boeing 727]] with 156 people on board was hijacked and flown - stopping at Tashkent, Kazakhstan and Moscow - to Stansted Airport. After a four-day stand-off the hostages on board were safely freed and the incident ended peacefully. It later emerged that the motive behind the hijack was to gain asylum in the UK, sparking debate about immigration into the country. A large number of passengers on board the plane also applied for asylum. The remainder returned to Afghanistan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/636375.stm|title=Special report: Hijack at Stansted|accessdate=5 April 2007|publisher=BBC News| date=14 February 2000}}</ref> Nine hijackers were jailed but their convictions for hijacking were quashed for misdirection of the jury in 2003, and in July 2004, it was ruled that they could not be deported from the UK.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/essex/3889107.stm|title=Afghans win right to stay in UK|accessdate=5 April 2007|publisher=BBC News| date=13 July 2004}}</ref>
| |
| *On 24 May 2013, [[Pakistan International Airlines]] flight 709 from [[Lahore, Pakistan]] was escorted by RAF Typhoons after being diverted from Manchester Airport due to an onboard threat. Two men were charged with endangering an aircraft.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-22658979 | Retrieved 24 May 2013</ref>
| |
| *On 21 September 2013, [[SriLankan Airlines]] flight UL503 inbound to [[London Heathrow Airport|Heathrow]], was escorted by RAF Typhoons to Stansted Airport after being diverted. Two men were detained for endangering an aircraft, one was formally arrested.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hertsandessexobserver.co.uk/News/Uttlesford/Two-men-arrested-for-endangering-aircraft-as-passenger-plane-is-diverted-to-Stansted-Airport-20130920231132.htm | title=Two men arrested for 'endangering aircraft' as passenger plane is diverted to Stansted Airport | publisher=Herts and Essex Observer (Online) | date=22 September 2013 | accessdate=8 October 2013}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| *[[List of airports in the United Kingdom and the British Crown Dependencies]]
| |
| *[[List of Royal Air Force stations]]
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| | |
| ===Citations===
| |
| {{reflist|30em}}
| |
| | |
| ===Bibliography===
| |
| *Freeman, Roger A. (1994) UK Airfields of the Ninth: Then and Now. After the Battle ISBN 0-900913-80-0
| |
| *Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.#
| |
| *[http://home.att.net/~jbaugher/usafserials.html USAAS-USAAC-USAAF-USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers—1908 to present]
| |
| *The Bishop's Stortford Herald newspaper, 26 April 2007.
| |
| * {{cite book|first=Berry|last=Ritchie|title=The Good Builder: The John Laing Story|publisher=James & James|year=1997|isbn=}}
| |
| *{{cite journal|last=Wright|first=Alan J.|title=The Stansted Sage|journal=Aircraft Illustrated|date=February 1978|volume= 11|issue= 2|pages=69–75}}
| |
| | |
| ==External links==
| |
| {{Commonscat|London Stansted Airport}}
| |
| {{Wikivoyage|London Stansted Airport}}
| |
| *{{official website|http://www.stanstedairport.com}}
| |
| *[http://www.stacc.info/ Stansted Airport Consultative Committee]
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| *{{ARP|EGSS}}
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| | |
| {{Portalbar|London|United Kingdom|Aviation}}
| |
| {{Airports in the United Kingdom}}
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| {{Transport in London}}
| |
| <!-- Though "Stansted" is not a town, it is a Royal Mail [[post town]] for addressing purposes -->
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Stansted Airport}}
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| [[Category:Airports in Essex]]
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| [[Category:Airports in the London region]] | |
| [[Category:Airports in the East of England]]
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| [[Category:Heathrow Airport Holdings]]
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| [[Category:Airports established in 1943]]
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| [[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1991]]
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| [[Category:Ove Arup buildings and structures]]
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| [[Category:Norman Foster buildings]]
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| [[Category:Lattice shell structures]]
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| [[Category:Transport in Uttlesford]]
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| [[Category:Proposed transport infrastructure in the East of England]]
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| [[Category:1943 establishments in England]]
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